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Orbital science, astronomy, remote sensing, and what lies beyond the atmosphere.

Two astronauts exploring a rocky Mars-like landscape

6 men spent 520 days in a mock Mars mission, and the crew logged 673 more sleep hours in the second half as one body clock drifted toward 25 hours

Six men lived inside a sealed Mars mission simulator for 520 days and their bodies gradually settled into a quieter pattern. Continuous wrist records showed less movement while awake, more time asleep and more time spent resting without fully sleeping. The changes built slowly over 17 months, which gave researchers a rare look at how…

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Aurora lights caused by solar activity in Earth’s upper atmosphere

Space Weather Today

Current NOAA space-weather observations, including solar-wind speed, Kp, magnetic-field conditions, and official R, S, and G scales.

Artistic depiction of a neutron star with intense magnetic field in space

A massive star may have exploded twice, first as a supernova and then hours later as newborn neutron stars collided to create a kilonova, producing the August 2025 gravitational-wave signal and the strange light of AT2025ulz 1.3 billion light-years away in a possible first “superkilonova” that could reveal a new stellar death pathway

A Caltech study in The Astrophysical Journal Letters describes an astronomical mystery with a startling possible solution. A massive star may have exploded as a supernova and produced two unusually small neutron stars. Those dense remnants could have collided hours later, creating a second blast inside the debris of the first. The candidate event, called…