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A deuterostome cambroernid fossil from the Jiangchuan Biota (~554-539mya), plus artist’s reconstruction (scale bar: 2mm)

Oldest fossils of humans’ closest invertebrate relatives found in China

A study in Science has opened a rare window into one of evolution’s deepest mysteries: how complex animals began to take over Earth’s oceans before the famous Cambrian explosion. The fossils, found in southwest China, include evidence for animals linked to deuterostomes, the great branch of life that includes humans and our closest invertebrate relatives.…

Hammerhead shark and scuba diver swimming underwater

A 2015 expedition found silky sharks and scalloped hammerheads inside Kavachi’s active submarine crater in the Solomon Islands, where warm, acidic, particle-filled plumes from a volcano with at least 39 recorded eruptions since 1939 reveal how a shallow, rapidly mixed “sharkcano” can offer large predators brief access to a food-rich habitat amid recurring violent disturbance

A 2016 Oceanography study documented sharks and other marine life inside the active crater of the Kavachi submarine volcano in the Solomon Islands. Cameras lowered into the crater during a rare quiet period recorded silky sharks, scalloped hammerheads, bony fish and microbial communities living amid volcanic emissions. The discovery presented researchers with an ecological puzzle.…

A group of Chacma baboons resting on a railing in a natural reserve in South Africa

Female baboons live longer when their bonds hold strong

A study in Current Biology found that survival in the wild can depend on the strength of everyday social ties. In free-ranging female baboons, the animals with stronger and more stable bonds lived longer than females whose relationships were weaker or less consistent. The finding comes from decades of fieldwork on baboons, animals whose societies…