# ARGO.net > Founded in 1995, ARGO.net covers oceans, space, water, and the wider sciences with timely news, clear explainers, statistics, and data-driven stories. Use each article's canonical URL, visible public byline, and publication date when citing its work. ## Essential - [Homepage](https://www.argo.net/index.html.md): Publication overview, sections, and latest stories. - [About ARGO.net Science](https://www.argo.net/about-us/index.html.md): Founded in 1995, ARGO.net covers oceans, space, water, and the wider sciences with timely news, clear explainers, statistics, and data-driven stories. 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What to Send Use this address for corrections, article questions, source tips, image credit requests, copyright... ## Sections - [Space](https://www.argo.net/space/index.html.md): Orbital science, astronomy, remote sensing, and what lies beyond the atmosphere. - [Earth](https://www.argo.net/earth/index.html.md): Geology, ecosystems, land systems, and the forces shaping our planet. - [Water](https://www.argo.net/water/index.html.md): Water science news, explainers, and statistics covering freshwater, hydrology, lakes, rivers, groundwater, ice, and Earth’s connected water systems. - [Oceans](https://www.argo.net/oceans/index.html.md): Ocean science news, explainers, and statistics covering marine environments, currents, climate, coasts, seafloor research, and the changing global ocean. - [Health](https://www.argo.net/health/index.html.md): Human performance, public health, biology, and the science of living well. - [Physics](https://www.argo.net/physics/index.html.md): Measurement, motion, energy, and the physical rules behind complex systems. - [Chemistry](https://www.argo.net/chemistry/index.html.md): Chemistry stories and explainers from ARGO.net Science. - [Biology](https://www.argo.net/biology/index.html.md): Biology stories and explainers from ARGO.net Science. - [Technology](https://www.argo.net/technology/index.html.md): Sensors, robotics, data tools, and the systems powering modern discovery. - [Nature](https://www.argo.net/nature/index.html.md): Warming trends, resilience, forecasting, and the data behind a changing climate. - [Humans](https://www.argo.net/humans/index.html.md): Humans stories and explainers from ARGO.net Science. - [News](https://www.argo.net/news/index.html.md): News stories and explainers from ARGO.net Science. - [Explainer](https://www.argo.net/explainer/index.html.md): Explainer stories and explainers from ARGO.net Science. - [Statistics](https://www.argo.net/statistics/index.html.md): Statistics stories and explainers from ARGO.net Science. - [Live](https://www.argo.net/live/index.html.md): Automatically refreshed oceans, water, Earth, and space dashboards built from authoritative public sources, with visible data timestamps, methodology, and plain-language context. - [Tracker](https://www.argo.net/tracker/index.html.md): Source-checked living reference pages for missions, climate patterns, and scientific records, with visible update dates, review schedules, and change logs. ## Latest Stories - [One hundred seventy-two students viewed identical lake photographs with clean water or harmful algal blooms and although they felt disgust worry and panic their cortisol did not rise](https://www.argo.net/one-hundred-seventy-two-students-viewed-identical-lake-photographs-with-clean-water-or-harmful-algal-blooms-and-although-they-felt-disgust-worry-and-panic-their-cortisol-did-not-rise/index.html.md): Images of polluted lakes failed to produce a measurable rise in the stress hormone cortisol among environmentally aware university students. Participants clearly recognized the... - [Nineteen elite swimmers received 10 sessions of dual-site brain stimulation across 25 days and finished with faster reactions stronger mental toughness and better 100-meter performances](https://www.argo.net/nineteen-elite-swimmers-received-10-sessions-of-dual-site-brain-stimulation-across-25-days-and-finished-with-faster-reactions-stronger-mental-toughness-and-better-100-meter-performances/index.html.md): Ten sessions of mild electrical brain stimulation helped a small group of elite male swimmers improve their 100-meter freestyle times. The swimmers also responded... - [Two hundred thirty-six students with anxiety spent 30 minutes planting rowing and reflecting inside a virtual nature world and several benefits remained two weeks later](https://www.argo.net/two-hundred-thirty-six-students-with-anxiety-spent-30-minutes-planting-rowing-and-reflecting-inside-a-virtual-nature-world-and-several-benefits-remained-two-weeks-later/index.html.md): Can a computer-made lake, a planted virtual tree and a quiet boat ride calm an anxious mind? A trial involving university students in China... - [Elite swimmers cut training distance by 57 percent before a major competition, while hormones, sleep and motivation barely changed during 12 weeks and stress fell only among women](https://www.argo.net/elite-swimmers-cut-training-distance-by-57-percent-before-a-major-competition-while-hormones-sleep-and-motivation-barely-changed-during-12-weeks-and-stress-fell-only-among-women/index.html.md): A major reduction in swim training produced surprisingly few changes in athletes' hormones, sleep quality, or desire to practice. During a 12-week program, highly... - [Forty-eight adolescent swimmers completed 10 sessions pairing psyching-up with cognitive challenges and sharpened attention reaction time and mood without adding physical strain](https://www.argo.net/forty-eight-adolescent-swimmers-completed-10-sessions-pairing-psyching-up-with-cognitive-challenges-and-sharpened-attention-reaction-time-and-mood-without-adding-physical-strain/index.html.md): Ten training sessions that mixed mental preparation with thinking tasks helped young swimmers respond faster, make fewer attention errors and enjoy practice more. Heart... - [Eighteen expert saturation divers descended to a simulated 440 meters and became slower plus less accurate when conflicting numbers tested their attention at 45 atmospheres](https://www.argo.net/eighteen-expert-saturation-divers-descended-to-a-simulated-440-meters-and-became-slower-plus-less-accurate-when-conflicting-numbers-tested-their-attention-at-45-atmospheres/index.html.md): Expert divers working under pressure equal to 440 meters of seawater took longer to judge conflicting numbers and made more mistakes, according to a... - [Forty-eight divers worked underwater for 30 minutes, one hour or three hours and only the longest exposure raised anxiety while rat experiments linked cognitive decline to CCR3-driven brain inflammation](https://www.argo.net/forty-eight-divers-worked-underwater-for-30-minutes-one-hour-or-three-hours-and-only-the-longest-exposure-raised-anxiety-while-rat-experiments-linked-cognitive-decline-to-ccr3-driven-brain-inflammati/index.html.md): Three hours of underwater work left a small group of professional divers with lower memory and processing-speed scores, while shorter sessions produced different results.... - [Fifty young patients used an underwater virtual world or guided imagery during two unsedated procedures and virtual reality helped most when fears about pain were already high](https://www.argo.net/fifty-young-patients-used-an-underwater-virtual-world-or-guided-imagery-during-two-unsedated-procedures-and-virtual-reality-helped-most-when-fears-about-pain-were-already-high/index.html.md): By filling a patient's sight and hearing with an interactive underwater world, virtual reality can draw attention away from a needle or dressing change.... - [Five analog astronauts spent seven days inside a Moon-like habitat and finished with higher cortisol plus rising oxidative stress as sleep and circadian rhythms came under strain](https://www.argo.net/five-analog-astronauts-spent-seven-days-inside-a-moon-like-habitat-and-finished-with-higher-cortisol-plus-rising-oxidative-stress-as-sleep-and-circadian-rhythms-came-under-strain/index.html.md): The hidden strain of a simulated lunar mission appeared in saliva, urine and sleep records within a single week. Five young crew members living... - [Thirty-two adults faced carbon dioxide panic challenges and 30 seconds of cold facial immersion slowed heart rates while reducing induced panic and anxiety](https://www.argo.net/thirty-two-adults-faced-carbon-dioxide-panic-challenges-and-30-seconds-of-cold-facial-immersion-slowed-heart-rates-while-reducing-induced-panic-and-anxiety/index.html.md): Cold water placed across the face may activate an ancient survival reflex that slows the heart and eases some symptoms of panic. In a... - [Across 66 astronauts and cosmonauts, a study found longer missions drew more coping humor, while self-defeating jokes rose later in a space career](https://www.argo.net/across-66-astronauts-and-cosmonauts-a-study-found-longer-missions-drew-more-coping-humor-while-self-defeating-jokes-rose-later-in-a-space-career/index.html.md): A study of 66 spacefarers found that humor in spaceflight memoirs, interviews, debriefs and oral histories followed clear social patterns rather than appearing as... - [NASA data from 83 astronauts and analog crewmates found that tidy, considerate behavior explained roughly 40 percentage points more of whether a crew would work together again, giving mission planners a measure of the daily habits that help isolated teams stay workable](https://www.argo.net/nasa-data-from-83-astronauts-and-analog-crewmates-found-that-tidy-considerate-behavior-explained-roughly-40-percentage-points-more-of-whether-a-crew-would-work-together-again-giving-mission-planners/index.html.md): A survey linked daily habits with future crew trust A Frontiers in Psychology study followed 83 astronauts and analog crewmates across 24 teams and... - [Five women watched nine planetarium scenes three times and a 0.001-lux new moon sky gave the strongest healing scores while the blackest dome first raised stress before dark adaptation gradually eased it](https://www.argo.net/five-women-watched-nine-planetarium-scenes-three-times-and-a-0-001-lux-new-moon-sky-gave-the-strongest-healing-scores-while-the-blackest-dome-first-raised-stress-before-dark-adaptation-gradually-eased/index.html.md): The kind of darkness many city residents rarely see may also be the kind that feels best under a planetarium dome. In a small... - [Parabolic flights showed why men who could not stand routine often handled weightlessness better, as a study of 24 volunteers found boredom scores and motion sickness history helped classify poor adaptation with 93.33 percent accuracy](https://www.argo.net/parabolic-flights-showed-why-men-who-could-not-stand-routine-often-handled-weightlessness-better-as-a-study-of-24-volunteers-found-boredom-scores-and-motion-sickness-history-helped-classify-poor-adap/index.html.md): Parabolic flights are famous for creating short bursts of weightlessness, but the most striking result in this study was psychological. Among 24 novice male... - [A 30-second message telling Oregon beach visitors they could help move other people to act raised climate-action intent in a 2,414-person field experiment, while warnings about ocean acidification and appeals to coastal attachment produced no detectable lift and did not change the final sticker choice meant to mimic real-world follow-through](https://www.argo.net/a-30-second-message-telling-oregon-beach-visitors-they-could-help-move-other-people-to-act-raised-climate-action-intent-in-a-2414-person-field-experiment-while-warnings-about-ocean-acidification-and/index.html.md): Thirty seconds was enough for researchers to measure a small shift in what people said they might do next about climate and ocean change,... - [A 520-day Mars mission simulation found five times more conflict with Mission Control than inside the crew and it showed how sleep strain, stress and just two vulnerable crewmembers could dominate the social pressure of a 17-month voyage](https://www.argo.net/a-520-day-mars-mission-simulation-found-five-times-more-conflict-with-mission-control-than-inside-the-crew-and-it-showed-how-sleep-strain-stress-and-just-two-vulnerable-crewmembers-could-dominate-the/index.html.md): The Mars500 isolation study kept six men inside a sealed habitat for 520 days, long enough to mimic the travel time of a classic... - [Marine reserve trips left 228 tourists with two distinct paths toward conservation, as awe tracked the easier promises to recycle and save resources while nature connection aligned more strongly with donating, volunteering and asking others to stop harming the coast](https://www.argo.net/marine-reserve-trips-left-228-tourists-with-two-distinct-paths-toward-conservation-as-awe-tracked-the-easier-promises-to-recycle-and-save-resources-while-nature-connection-aligned-more-strongly-with/index.html.md): One of the study's central puzzles was simple enough for any traveler to recognize. People can come home from a striking day in nature... - [Twenty-second views of James Webb deep-space images and star fields in a 113-person study were linked to higher awe, stronger feelings of vastness and restoration and no rise in negative emotion when the same people later rated urban scenes](https://www.argo.net/twenty-second-views-of-james-webb-deep-space-images-and-star-fields-in-a-113-person-study-were-linked-to-higher-awe-stronger-feelings-of-vastness-and-restoration-and-no-rise-in-negative-emotion-when/index.html.md): Twenty seconds was enough to move the numbers. In a two-part psychology study with 113 participants, people who looked at sets of James Webb... - [Power rose and benevolence dipped for 12 astronauts midway through 4 to 7 month ISS missions, while perceived gaps across seven personal values tracked where crew tension was most likely to grow](https://www.argo.net/power-rose-and-benevolence-dipped-for-12-astronauts-midway-through-4-to-7-month-iss-missions-while-perceived-gaps-across-seven-personal-values-tracked-where-crew-tension-was-most-likely-to-grow/index.html.md): Twelve astronauts who spent 4 to 7 months aboard the International Space Station showed a striking psychological pattern during flight. Scores tied to power... - [Twenty percent shorter inner minutes appeared in orbit while memory for docking and spacewalk dates stayed close to Earth time and a 10-astronaut study on the International Space Station suggests that routine duration judgments can drift even when mission milestones remain firmly tracked](https://www.argo.net/twenty-percent-shorter-inner-minutes-appeared-in-orbit-while-memory-for-docking-and-spacewalk-dates-stayed-close-to-earth-time-and-a-10-astronaut-study-on-the-international-space-station-suggests-that/index.html.md): Ten astronauts who spent six to eight months in orbit gave researchers a striking split result: when they judged a single minute, their responses... - [ISS cosmonauts spoke to Mission Control more than twice as much during heavy workloads, while negative emotion signals rose fivefold across 164,658 statements, suggesting that long missions may require stronger support from the ground](https://www.argo.net/iss-cosmonauts-spoke-to-mission-control-more-than-twice-as-much-during-heavy-workloads-while-negative-emotion-signals-rose-fivefold-across-164658-statements-suggesting-that-long-missions-may-requir/index.html.md): Long missions in orbit depend on voice traffic from the ground and the new paper shows that the emotional tone of that traffic can... - [Freedivers who trained without breath three times a week for seven months kept stable hippocampal volumes and normal episodic memory, as MRI scans in 17 divers and 20 other athletes found no detectable damage from repeated voluntary hypoxia and no change in how the brain sorted similar experiences](https://www.argo.net/freedivers-who-trained-without-breath-three-times-a-week-for-seven-months-kept-stable-hippocampal-volumes-and-normal-episodic-memory-as-mri-scans-in-17-divers-and-20-other-athletes-found-no-detectabl/index.html.md): Low oxygen is usually bad news for the brain region that helps people store events, places and the fine details that separate one memory... - [A Ro-Pax ferry study of 22 crew members found engine-room noise above 96 decibels was linked with physical fatigue, while cabins that met maritime rules still sat above health guidance for undisturbed sleep and left recovery as a human-performance concern between shifts](https://www.argo.net/a-ro-pax-ferry-study-of-22-crew-members-found-engine-room-noise-above-96-decibels-was-linked-with-physical-fatigue-while-cabins-that-met-maritime-rules-still-sat-above-health-guidance-for-undisturbed/index.html.md): Engine-room noise above 96 dB(A), crew cabins that still sat above sleep guidance and fatigue scores that rose with heavier exposure gave one ferry... - [In a 392-patient dental clinic trial, adults waiting near fish rated the room more favorably, but the aquarium did not measurably lower anxiety, mood scores, blood pressure, or heart rate before treatment](https://www.argo.net/in-a-392-patient-dental-clinic-trial-adults-waiting-near-fish-rated-the-room-more-favorably-but-the-aquarium-did-not-measurably-lower-anxiety-mood-scores-blood-pressure-or-heart-rate-before-treat/index.html.md): Three hundred ninety-two adults sat through a real-world test of a familiar idea in healthcare design: if people watch fish before a stressful appointment,... ## Feeds and Indexes - [All Stories RSS](https://www.argo.net/feed/): The publication-wide RSS feed, updated when stories are published. - [Space RSS](https://www.argo.net/space/feed/): New stories published in the Space section. - [Earth RSS](https://www.argo.net/earth/feed/): New stories published in the Earth section. - [Water RSS](https://www.argo.net/water/feed/): New stories published in the Water section. - 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