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Orbital science, astronomy, remote sensing, and what lies beyond the atmosphere.

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Aurora lights caused by solar activity in Earth’s upper atmosphere

A giant space airbag could blunt the next solar superstorm

A study in Space Weather proposes a bold planetary defense concept for one of modern civilization’s largest natural hazards. The system, called StormWall, would use spacecraft to release material near Earth before a severe solar storm arrives. The idea comes from researchers including Brian Walsh of Boston University and collaborators at the University of Michigan.…

Extreme zoom of half moon as seen at night

A tiny X-ray telescope could reveal the Moon’s hidden chemistry

Researchers at Tokyo Metropolitan University and collaborating Japanese institutions have used numerical simulations to show that a small X-ray telescope in lunar orbit could map key elements across the entire Moon in just a few years. The work, published in Earth, Planets and Space, points to a practical path for building the first complete chemical…

An image of the gamma-ray excess observed at the center of the Milky Way, overlaid on an optical image of the galaxy. Scientists have debated the origin of this excess, and whether it could be caused by dark matter, for more than a decade

Machine learning puts dark matter back in the Milky Way glow mystery

Researchers at the University of Vienna and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have used machine learning to revisit a mysterious gamma-ray glow near the center of the Milky Way. Their study, published in Physical Review Letters, found that dark matter remains a plausible explanation for the signal known as the Galactic Center Excess. The finding reopens…