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Water science news, explainers, and statistics covering freshwater, hydrology, lakes, rivers, groundwater, ice, and Earth’s connected water systems.

Cute baby touching dishwasher at kitchen. Toddler seated next to machine dishwasher exploring

How many gallons of water does a dishwasher use?

Every dishwasher load draws several gallons from a home’s water supply, yet a modern machine can wash a full rack with less water than many people send down the drain while rinsing plates at the sink. A standard ENERGY STAR dishwasher uses no more than 3.2 gallons (12.1 liters) per cycle under the official test.…

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Purple utility pipes used to distinguish non-potable water systems

What is non-potable water?

Water can be useful even when it hasn’t been prepared for drinking. A building may collect rain from its roof or capture lightly used water from sinks. Another project may receive recycled water through a separate municipal pipe. After treatment suited to the job, that supply can flush toilets or irrigate landscaping while cleaner drinking…

Water treatment tanks and pipes in a residential filtration system

How long a water softener can last

A whole-home water softener can quietly protect plumbing for years, which makes a sudden return of scale or weak shower pressure especially noticeable. For Rheem household units, the company gives an average lifespan of about 8 to 10 years. An individual machine may fall short of that range or keep working longer because the water…

Aerial view of ocean waves meeting a rocky coastline

Ocean vs sea: What’s the difference?

A coastline can make a stretch of salt water look like a separate world. A bay narrows toward a harbor as waves meet the beach beneath a familiar name on the map. Far offshore, the water seems to become an ocean. Geography uses a useful pattern for that change, while natural coastlines seldom supply a…